What type of thermodynamic process occurs when a system absorbs heat while doing work on its surroundings?

In a thermodynamic process where a system absorbs heat while doing work on its surroundings, the correct classification is an isobaric process. This type of process occurs at constant pressure. When the system absorbs heat, it typically increases the internal energy, which can lead to an expansion against an external pressure. While the work is done, the pressure remains constant, meaning the volume of the system changes while the heat input allows for this work to be performed.

Understanding the nature of the other types helps clarify why isobaric is the correct choice. In isothermal processes, the temperature remains constant, which usually means any work done is compensated by heat absorption. An adiabatic process involves no heat exchange with the surroundings, and thus the system would not absorb heat while doing work. An isometric (or isochoric) process maintains constant volume, meaning no work is done by the system because the volume does not change.

Therefore, the scenario of heat absorption coinciding with work being done properly aligns with the characteristics of an isobaric process.