What is the definition of an insulator?

An insulator is defined as a material that does not conduct heat or electricity. This characteristic is crucial in various applications, such as electrical wiring and thermal insulation, where it is essential to prevent the flow of electric current or heat to ensure safety and efficiency. Insulators are typically made of materials like rubber, glass, or certain plastics, which have tightly bound electrons that do not move freely, thus inhibiting conductivity.

In contrast, materials that conduct electricity well, such as metals, would not fit the definition of an insulator due to their ability to allow electron flow. A material described as having partial conductivity would suggest that it has some capability to conduct electricity or heat, which again does not align with the definition of an insulator. Lastly, a material that only conducts heat would not be considered an insulator, as heat conduction is also a property that is contrary to defining an insulator. Understanding the properties of materials is essential for their appropriate application in science and engineering contexts.