What characterizes a conductor?

A conductor is characterized by its ability to allow electricity to flow easily. This property is fundamentally linked to the presence of free electrons within the material that can move freely in response to an electric field. Metals such as copper and aluminum are excellent conductors because their atomic structure permits electrons to flow with minimal resistance.

In contrast, the alternative options do not reflect the defining characteristics of conductors. A material that allows electricity to flow poorly would be classified as an insulator, not a conductor. The designation of a conductor isn’t limited to non-metals; in fact, most conductors are metals. Additionally, isolating electrical charge is a principle associated with insulators, which prevent the flow of electric charge rather than promote it. Hence, the correct characterization emphasizes the ease with which electric current can pass through a conductor.